Ethernaut: Privacy
My take on CTFs
CTFs constitute a crucial part in the process of becoming a successful security researcher as they require from you an eye for details, a good understanding of solidity and great technical skills to perform the attack and capture the flag. The most talented security researchers are great at CTFs, at solving them of course and sometimes at designing them. CTFs will not turn you into a great web3 security researcher over night, but it will surely arm you with good enough technical skills to be able to write decent coded PoCs to have your finding validated and maybe get selected for report.
What is Ethernaut?
Ethernaut is a CTF(Capture The Flag) developed by the openzeppelin team that you most propbably already heard of. If you haven't, consider taking a look at this roadmap https://www.0xjarix.com/if-i-had-to-start-again/
This CTF gathers 31 challenges for the moment, this number keeps increasing so check their website every now and then: https://ethernaut.openzeppelin.com/
Maybe you'll design your challenge one day and send it to the openzeppelin team.
Also why you here?
Of all the kinds of articles I publish, CTF writeups are those I wish you read the least. I am a big advocate of giving everything the time it needs, if you cannot solve a challenge that you know for a contains an intentional bug in such a small codebase, do not expect to do really well in the contests. There are 2 reasons why someone can fail at solving a challenge, and when I say 'fail' I mean giving up and looking at the writeups, knowing damn well these CTFs are not time-bounded. So if you failed you either:
- aren't ready for this challenge yet and that is most probably due to the fact that you skipped some steps in the roadmap
- are lazy, you read the challenge, read the codebase, maybe not enough times, you had some assumptions maybe, you might have identified some entrypoints or some conditions to bypass or break, but you did not give it enough time, you did not allow yourself to succeed and that's a shame
Privacy
The creator of this contract was careful enough to protect the sensitive areas of its storage.
Unlock this contract to beat the level.
Things that might help:
- Understanding how storage works
- Understanding how parameter parsing works
- Understanding how casting works
Tips:
- Remember that metamask is just a commodity. Use another tool if it is presenting problems. Advanced gameplay could involve using remix, or your own web3 provider.
Goal
locked = false
Reasoning
Be aware this is a fixed length bytes array, not a dynamic one, so no slots reserved for the length of the array, the first element of the array is stored at the slot that corresponds to that of the array in the storage memory layout, the next elements are stored each in a slot one after the other:
- slot 0: locked
- slot 1: ID
- slot 2: flatenning, denomination, awkwardness
- slot 3: data[0]
- slot 4: data[1]
- slot 5: data[2]